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Aminoacid, peptides and cation
transporters conform a family of
secondary transporters present in
both prokaryotic and eukaryotic
organism. They play an important
role in ion homeostasis, cell's
volume regulation, nutrient uptake
and even in neurotransmiter recycling
processes. Recently, the first crystal
structure of a bacterial sodium
independent amino acid transporter
(ApcT) has been obtained (cite).
It has been suggested, rather unconclusively,
that ApcT couples substrate uptake
to one or more protons. In the mechanism
proposed by E. Gouaux and colaborators,
LYS 158 plays a key role in the
gating mechanism, promoting large
amplitude movements upon protonation
and deprotonation. However details
of this motion, proton stoichoimetry
and even how protons get in and
out of the core of the protein are
unknown. In this work we seek to
answer these questions using computational
tools: gran canonical monte carlo,
molecular dynamic simulation, molecular
docking and free enery calculation.
Preliminary results seem to confirm
the idea that the protonation state
of LYS 158 has an important effect
on the protein structure. However,
results also suggest that the global
mechanism can be different from
that originaly porposed. We are
also interested in the molecular
basis for the rather unselective
nature of ApcT, a characteristic
that sets it appart from most aminoacid
transporters, such as LeuT.
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